SQLSTATE P0001 ERROR Class P0: PL/pgSQL Error

raise_exception Raise Exception — SQLSTATE P0001

A user-defined exception was raised by RAISE EXCEPTION.

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Last reviewed May 2025 Grounded in source

Symptoms

A user-defined exception was raised by RAISE EXCEPTION.

  • The error is written to the server log and returned to the client carrying SQLSTATE P0001.
  • Any driver (libpq, JDBC, psycopg, npgsql, pgx) surfaces this code in its error object so you can branch on it programmatically.
  • PL/pgSQL can trap it by name: EXCEPTION WHEN raise_exception THEN.

Environment

Severity: ERROR  |  PostgreSQL versions: 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17

Reproduce with the exact statement and read the full message in the server log (raise log_min_messages / set log_min_error_statement for more context).

Root Cause

PL/pgSQL code explicitly raised this with RAISE EXCEPTION — it is application business logic, not a database fault.

Diagnostic Queries

Recovery

Steps to resolve P0001:

  1. Read the custom message and hint — they describe the rule that fired.
  2. Handle it where appropriate: EXCEPTION WHEN raise_exception THEN ... or a custom condition name.

Reference: PostgreSQL error codes — Class P0 (PL/pgSQL Error).

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